Meet the 2025 Nobel laureates in Physiology: Degrees and labs that shaped their careers

Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi received the 2025 Nobel Prize for their discoveries in peripheral immune tolerance. Sakaguchi identified regulatory T cells, while Brunkow and Ramsdell linked FOXP3 gene mutations to T-reg dysfunction, revolutionizing understanding of immune regulation and opening new therapeutic avenues for autoimmune diseases and cancer.